Prophylactic Thinking

Constant habit of mind checking for enemy threats.

Why it matters

Prophylactic thinking is the habit, not the move: every turn, before choosing, you look at the position from the other side and ask what they want.

It costs a few seconds and it removes most blunders. Almost every piece dropped in a normal game was taken by a move the player never asked about, because they were busy with their own idea.

See it on a board

start · 0/1

Nothing is hanging and no attack is under way. h3 costs one move, gives the king a square, and takes every back-rank trick off the board for the rest of the game.

Checked: the position really has the feature described.

How to play it

  1. After the opponent moves, say out loud what that move threatens. Every time, including when it looks harmless.
  2. Before you move, ask what you would play if you were them.
  3. If you cannot see a threat, spend the move on your worst-placed piece or on your own king's safety.

At each level

The same idea, said the way it is taught at each age.

Bishop · ages 5–7

After every move your opponent makes, say what it attacks. Doing that every single turn stops most blunders.

King · ages 10 and up

At a higher level the question changes from 'what is threatened' to 'what do they want in five moves'. The answer is what to prevent.

What goes wrong

  • Checking only for captures, and missing the quiet move that sets up a real threat.
  • Asking the question after choosing a move instead of before, which turns it into justification rather than checking.

Questions people ask

Does this slow my play down too much?
It is faster overall. One question per move takes seconds; recovering from a dropped piece takes the rest of the game, and usually does not work.

Learn next

Guides that use this